Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of Citrus Aurantifolia Extract

Authors

Hanan Adnan Shaker Al-Naymi, Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science/ Ibn-Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqFollow
Sura Mouaid Abbas, Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqFollow
Noor Adnan Shaker Al-Naymi, Directorate of 1st Karkh, Ministry of Education, Baghdad, IraqFollow
Ayat Majeed Zeadan, Directorate of 1st Karkh, Ministry of Education, Baghdad, IraqFollow
Zinah Ameer Abbood, Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Aliraqia University, Baghdad, IraqFollow

Abstract

The antimicrobial activity of Citrus aqueous extracts was assessed with concentration (100, 80, 60, and 40 μg/ml) using the well diffusion method against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and yeast that were obtained from urine, vaginal swabs, seminal fluid, sputum, stool, and throat swabs diagnosed by Vitek 2 Compact System. The cytotoxic effect was investigated on tumor hepatic cell line HepG2, Colon cancer CaCo-2 and normal cell line HdFn. The Lethal dose (LD50) for C. aurantifolia was studied on rats. Chemical screening revealed that the aqueous extract contained phenols, tannins, glycosides, saponins, resins, alkaloids, coumarins, and flavones. That exhibits inhibitory activity and showed a significant antimicrobial effect towards Gram-positive and negative bacteria at p ≤0.05 using various concentrations with various inhibition zone and the largest inhibition zone with concentration (100 and 80 μg/ml) especially toward Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus hominis and Salmonella typhi. The aqueous extract showed a significant killing of colon cancer cell line CaCo-2 at p ≤0.05 with IC50 for colon cancer cell line CaCo-2 and normal cell line after treatment with C. aurantifolia was 95.76 and 124.2 respectively, but had minimal effect on hepatic cancer cells in spite of no harmful to normal cells. The impact of successive concentrations of C. aurantifolia (500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.2, and 15.6) on the survival of carcinoma cell line HepG2, CaCo-2 and normal hepatic cell HdFn after 24 treatments with IC50 HdFn 257.5 and HepG2 273.2, as well as whether any deaths occurred and whether any hemorrhagic symptoms showed on the animals.

Keywords

Antimicrobial activity, Cell line HepG2, Citrus aurantifolia, Colon cancer CaCo-2, Cytotoxicity

Subject Area

Chemistry

Article Type

Article

First Page

4025

Last Page

4032

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite this Article

Al-Naymi, Hanan Adnan Shaker; Abbas, Sura Mouaid; Al-Naymi, Noor Adnan Shaker; Zeadan, Ayat Majeed; and Abbood, Zinah Ameer (2025) "Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of Citrus Aurantifolia Extract," Baghdad Science Journal: Vol. 22: Iss. 12, Article 9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21123/2411-7986.5160