Assessment of Carbon Capture Potential in Rubber Plantations via Landsat 9 Imagery Analysis

Authors

Ade Fitria, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, IndonesiaFollow
Rahmawaty Rahmawaty, Forestry Study Program, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, North Sumatra, Indonesia AND Natural Resources and Environment Management Study Program, Postgraduate School, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, IndonesiaFollow
Razali Razali, Natural Resources and Environment Management Study Program, Postgraduate School, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, IndonesiaFollow
Jamin Saputra, Sungai Putih Research Unit, Deli Serdang 20585, North Sumatra, IndonesiaFollow
Seca Gandaseca, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia AND Institute for Biodiversity and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaFollow

Abstract

Indonesia is a significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emitter, contributing 12.3% of carbon dioxide (CO₂) of total emissions. Carbon dioxide (CO₂), a major GHG, is increasing in the Earth’s atmosphere. The CO₂ absorption can be increased through rubber plantations because rubber plants, such as forest plants, can process CO₂ as a carbon source for photosynthesis. This research aims to analyze carbon uptake in relation to tree density, biomass of rubber vegetation, and soil organic carbon (SOC) content, as well as to map the distribution of carbon potential using remote sensing. This research was conducted in the Sungai Putih Research Unit, Galang Sub-district, using a survey method by collecting secondary and primary data. Sampling locations were determined based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) classification, while remote sensing image processing utilized Landsat 9 images processed through Google Earth Engine (GEE). This study found that the potential carbon stock varied across observation plots. Based on calculations using the SAVI Quadratic model (A13), carbon distribution, derived from field biomass (40–80) and C-Organic (2-3), indicated a medium carbon distribution. The average potential carbon stock, measured from the standing trunk section, was 29.43 tons across an area of 3.12 ha. The highest carbon stock and the largest average stem diameter were recorded in plot 11, with an average diameter of 16.63 cm and a biomass content of 90.64 kg.

Keywords

Agroforestry, GEE, Hevea brasiliensis, Machine learning, Vegetation index

Article Type

Special Issue Article

First Page

204

Last Page

218

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite this Article

Fitria, Ade; Rahmawaty, Rahmawaty; Razali, Razali; Saputra, Jamin; and Gandaseca, Seca (2026) "Assessment of Carbon Capture Potential in Rubber Plantations via Landsat 9 Imagery Analysis," Baghdad Science Journal: Vol. 23: Iss. 1, Article 16.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21123/2411-7986.5145