Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, and Photostability Studies of a New Ligand Derivative of 4-Bromobenzaldehyde and its Metal Complexes

Authors

Enass J. Waheed, Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Sciences, Ibn -Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqFollow
Ali Mudher Abdulkareem, Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Sciences, Ibn -Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqFollow
Ibtisam Khalifa Jassim, Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Sciences, Ibn -Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqFollow

Abstract

The new Schiff base ligand (L_B) was synthesized by reacting precursor (P) with 4-bromobenzaldehyde. This ligand formed three new complexes: [Pd(L_B)(H₂O)₂]Cl₂ (square planar) and [M(L_B)(H₂O)₂Cl₂].mCl₂ (octahedral), where m=0 for Co⁺² and 1 for Pt⁺⁴, upon reaction with the respective metal ions. Characterization of the ligand (L_B) and its metal complexes involved various techniques including ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility measurements, CHNS analysis, and molar conductivity. The photo-stabilization of polymers aims to mitigate or delay photochemical degradation during irradiation of plastic materials like polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in tetrahydrofuran (THF). Prepared compounds (ligand L_B and its metal complexes) were incorporated into PVC at 0.5% w/w concentration. Under irradiation with light at λ = 380–250 nm and intensity of 7.75×10^-9 ein dm^{-3 s-1} at 25°C, the photo-stabilization efficacy of these additives was evaluated by monitoring changes in carbonyl, polyene, and hydroxyl indices over time, using weight loss as a measure. Observations showed that I_CO, I_OH, and I_PO index values increased with irradiation time, varying depending on the additive type. Surface morphology of the films was also studied over time. This application holds significance for environmental conservation by addressing concerns related to plastic consumption reduction.

Keywords

4-bromobenzaldehyde, Metal complexes, Photodegradation, Photo-stabilization, Polyvinyl chloride

Subject Area

Chemistry

Article Type

Article

First Page

462

Last Page

477

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite this Article

Waheed, Enass J.; Abdulkareem, Ali Mudher; and Jassim, Ibtisam Khalifa (2026) "Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, and Photostability Studies of a New Ligand Derivative of 4-Bromobenzaldehyde and its Metal Complexes," Baghdad Science Journal: Vol. 23: Iss. 2, Article 5.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21123/2411-7986.5197