Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of a New Azo Dye Ligand 1-[2,4,6-Trihydroxy-3-(2-Hydroxy-Phenylazo)-Phenyl-Ethanone] and Its Complexes With Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II)

Authors

• Ban Hasan Al-agele, Department of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, IraqFollow
• Areej Kamal Assim Aldabbagh, Department of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, IraqFollow

Abstract

1-[2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-phenylazo)-phenyl-ethanone] is a new azo dye ligand (H₂L), which was used to form a number of new azo dye-metal complexes by reaction with salt chlorides of Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd(II). The complexes were characterized using mass spectroscopy, infrared analysis, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, ¹H-, ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy, conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, DSC, TGA, C.H.N., metal content, and melting point. The results highlighted the ligand's trigonal behavior and that all the complexes yielded tetrahedral geometry, with the exception of Co and Ni, which produced octahedral geometry. They are all non-electrolytic. The compounds' capacity to function as antioxidants was used to determine how well they inhibited (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (DPPH), which acts as a free radical, with ascorbic acid used as a standard reagent. The following were the results of a change in radical and complex inhibition capacities brought about by the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) value: (H₂L > ascorbic acid > Co-complex > Cd-complex > Zn-complex > Cu-complex). The findings from this method indicated that the ligand offered a stronger inhibitory value than ascorbic acid and complexes; however, these complexes are promising for use as DPPH scavengers. In addition, the ligand and complexes were evaluated in terms of their chemical capacity to inhibit the growth of different types of bacteria and fungi at two concentrations. The cadmium complex efficiently worked against Bacillus spp bacteria, while the zinc complex had the maximum effectiveness against Trichoderma fungi.

Keywords

Antioxidant values, Azo-metal complexes, Biological activity, Mass spectra, Thermal analysis

Subject Area

Chemistry

Article Type

Article

First Page

2566

Last Page

2581

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite this Article

Al-agele, Ban Hasan and Aldabbagh, Areej Kamal Assim (2026) "Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of a New Azo Dye Ligand 1-[2,4,6-Trihydroxy-3-(2-Hydroxy-Phenylazo)-Phenyl-Ethanone] and Its Complexes With Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II)," Baghdad Science Journal: Vol. 23: Iss. 7, Article 16.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21123/2411-7986.5360