Mass Transfer Control in Chitosan-Based Hybrid Material Incorporating Pyromellitic Dianhydride and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles: Intraparticle Diffusion and Boyd Model Analysis

Authors

• Arwa Raad Ibrahim, Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqFollow
• Basma A. Abdul Majeed, Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqFollow
• Sanaa A. Al-Sahib, Department of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqFollow

Abstract

The accelerated development of new technologies for treating pollutants has led to the emergence of numerous innovative adsorbents. These materials typically possess promising structural and surface properties suitable for a variety of applications. In the same context, the present study prepared a chitosan-based hybrid material incorporating pyromellitic dianhydride and copper oxide nanoparticles (PMDA-Cts-CuO) under ultrasonic wave conditions. It is a newly synthesized material derived from an organically degradable source for lead removal purposes. Following the confirmation of the material's structural and morphological properties, the current research effort focused on examining the PMDA-Cts-CuO for diffusion kinetic models: the intraparticle diffusion model, Boyd's intraparticle diffusion model, Boyd's external diffusion model, and the Avrami model to provide deeper insight into the behavior of the new material and determine its actual feasibility in environmental applications. The adsorption results reported that the diffusion within the pores is an element of the adsorption process, although it is not the determining factor, according to the intraparticle diffusion model. In addition, as the initial concentration of lead rises, the adsorbent's internal resistance weakens, and a stronger driving force is generated for the diffusion of lead ions into its pores. Moreover, mass transfer is frequently catalyzed by the surrounding membrane. Given that the experimental data are consistent with the Boyd external kinetic model, this indicates that adsorption takes place via several interrelated pathways. Avrami's model also provided agreement with the results, indicating that the adsorption process is likely multi-mechanistic.

Keywords

Adsorption, Boyd, Diffusion, Kinetics, Nanocomposite

Subject Area

Chemistry

Article Type

Article

First Page

3196

Last Page

3211

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite this Article

Ibrahim, Arwa Raad; Majeed, Basma A. Abdul; and Al-Sahib, Sanaa A. (2026) "Mass Transfer Control in Chitosan-Based Hybrid Material Incorporating Pyromellitic Dianhydride and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles: Intraparticle Diffusion and Boyd Model Analysis," Baghdad Science Journal: Vol. 23: Iss. 9, Article 10.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21123/2411-7986.5405