Optimization of Methane Production from Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater with Hydraulic Retention Time and Biochar Addition Using Response Surface Methodology

Authors

• Juniarti Manova Hasibuan, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia AND Siborongborong Center for Superior Livestock Breeding and Forage, Directorate General Livestock and Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Siborongborong, 22474, IndonesiaFollow
• Rita Purwasih, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia AND Department of Agroindustry, Subang State Polytechnic, Subang, IndonesiaFollow
• Bambang Haryanto, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia AND Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, 16911, IndonesiaFollow
• Dessy Ariyanti, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, IndonesiaFollow
• Alfian Destomo, Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, 16911, IndonesiaFollow
• Agung Purnomoadi, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, IndonesiaFollow
• Sutaryo Sutaryo, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, IndonesiaFollow

Abstract

Processing poultry slaughterhouse wastewater as a biogas substrate is a sustainable solution. The current study aimed to optimize methane production from poultry slaughterhouse wastewater at various hydraulic retention times, biochar addition levels, and biochar addition types. Optimization of the anaerobic digestion process was determined through response surface methodology with central composite design. The input variables were hydraulic retention times (10, 20, and 30 days), biochar levels (5, 10, and 15 g/L), and biochar types (chicken litter and rice straw). Meanwhile, the response variable was methane production. The results revealed that the resulting central composite design model was significant (p < 0.05) with an R-squared of 0.94, indicating a high model suitability. The analysis of variance showed that hydraulic retention times, biochar levels, and biochar types significantly affected methane production (p < 0.05). Based on optimization, the highest methane production was achieved at a 30-day hydraulic retention times, a biochar level of 15 g/L, and a biochar type of rice straw, which was 473.00 mL/g volatile solid. These results emphasize the importance of determining the correct hydraulic retention times and biochar addition (level and type) to optimize methane production.

Keywords

Biochar, Hydraulic retention time, Methane, Optimization, Response surface methodology

Subject Area

Biology

Article Type

Article

First Page

3119

Last Page

3135

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite this Article

Hasibuan, Juniarti Manova; Purwasih, Rita; Haryanto, Bambang; Ariyanti, Dessy; Destomo, Alfian; Purnomoadi, Agung; and Sutaryo, Sutaryo (2026) "Optimization of Methane Production from Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater with Hydraulic Retention Time and Biochar Addition Using Response Surface Methodology," Baghdad Science Journal: Vol. 23: Iss. 9, Article 5.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21123/2411-7986.5400