Association between Allelic Variations of -174G/C Polymorphism of Interleukin-6 Gene and Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder in Iraqi Patients

Main Article Content

Mohanad Radeef
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6363-7277

Abstract

This study designed to examine association between-174G/C polymorphism of interleukin-6 gene and phosphate, calcium, vitamin D3, and parathyroid hormone levels in Iraqi patient with chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis. Seventy chronic renal failure patients (patients group) and 20 healthy subjects (control group) were genotyped for interleukin-6 polymorphism and genotyping was performed by conventional polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. No significant differences in phosphate levels were observed in patients and control with different interleukin-6 genotypes. Control had non-significant differences in calcium levels, while patients with GG and CG genotypes displayed significant elevation with time. Conversely, control and patients with GG and CC genotypes had significant elevation in vitamin D3 levels with time. Regarding parathyroid hormone, control had non-significant differences, while patients with GG and CC genotypes displayed significant elevation with time.


Patients with GG genotype displayed significant changes in calcium, vitamin D3 and parathyroid hormone levels with time.

Article Details

How to Cite
1.
Association between Allelic Variations of -174G/C Polymorphism of Interleukin-6 Gene and Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder in Iraqi Patients. Baghdad Sci.J [Internet]. 2020 Dec. 1 [cited 2024 Dec. 19];17(4):1145. Available from: https://bsj.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/BSJ/article/view/3386
Section
article

How to Cite

1.
Association between Allelic Variations of -174G/C Polymorphism of Interleukin-6 Gene and Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder in Iraqi Patients. Baghdad Sci.J [Internet]. 2020 Dec. 1 [cited 2024 Dec. 19];17(4):1145. Available from: https://bsj.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/BSJ/article/view/3386

References

Elshamaa MF, Sabry SM, Bazaraa HM, Koura HM, Elghoroury EA, Kantoush NA, et al. Genetic polymorphism of ACE and the angiotensin II type1 receptor genes in children with chronic kidney disease. J. Inflamm. (Lond). 2011; 8: 20.

Nigwekar SU, Tamez H, Thadhani RI. Vitamin D and chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disease (CKD–MBD). BoneKEy Reports. 2014; 3:498.

Bover J, Cozzolino M. Mineral and bone disorders in chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease patients: new insights into vitamin D receptor activation. Kidney inter. 2011; Suppl. 1: 122–129.

Moe SM, Radcliffe JS, White KE, Gattone VH, Seifert MF, Chen X, et al. The pathophysiology of early-stage chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) and response to phosphate binders in the rat. J Bone Miner Res. 2011; 26(11):2672-81.

Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD–MBD Work Group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, evaluation, prevention, and treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD). Kidney Int. 2009; 76 (Suppl 113): S3–S8.

Ertuk S Gene polymorphism association studies in dialysis: bone and mineral metabolism. Semin Dial 2006;19:232–7.

Fajar J K, Azharuddin A. The association between interleukin 6 −174 G/C gene polymorphism and the risk of osteoporosis: A meta-analysis. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences. 2017;12(3), 212–220. doi:10.1016/j.jtumed.2016.07.010

Blanchard F, Duplomb L, Baud'huin M, Brounais B. The dual role of IL-6-type cytokines on bone remodeling and bone tumors. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2009; 20(1):19-28.

Jones SA, Fraser DJ, Fielding CA, Jones GW. Interleukin-6 in renal disease and therapy. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2015;30(4):564-74. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfu233

Stenvinkel P, Ketteler M, Johnson RJ, Lindholm B, Pecoits-Filho R, Riella M, et al. IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-alpha: central factors in the altered cytokine network of uremia--the good, the bad, and the ugly. Kidney Int. 2005;67(4):1216-33.

Spoto B. Mattace-Raso F. Sijbrands E. Leonardis D. Testa A. Pisano A. et al. Association of IL-6 and a functional polymorphism in the IL-6 gene with cardiovascular events in patients with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;10(2):232–240. doi:10.2215/CJN.07000714

Gohda T, Shike T, Funabiki K, Shirato I, Tomino Y. An (CA)n dinucleotide repeat polymorphism of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene is associated with metacarpal bone mineral density in hemodialysis patients. Clin Nephrol. 2002;57:365–370.

Hwang E, Choi BS, Oh K-H, Kwon YJ, and Kim G-H. Management of chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder: Korean working group recommendations. Kidney Res Clin Pract. 2015; 34(1):4-12.

Al-Radeef MY, Allawi AA, and Fawzi HA. Interleukin-6 gene polymorphisms and serum erythropoietin and hemoglobin in hemodialysis Iraqi patients. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2018; 29:1042-9

Freethi R, Velayutha Raj A, Ponniraivan K, Rasheed K M, Sundhararajan A, Venkatesan. Study of serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase in chronic kidney disease''. Int. J. Med. Res. Health Sci. 2016; 5(3): 49-56.

Gallieni M, De Luca N, Santoro D, Meneghel G, Formica M, Grandaliano G, et al. Management of CKD-MBD in non-dialysis patients under regular nephrology care: a prospective multicenter study. J. Nephrol. 2016; 29: 71–78.

Floege J, Kim J, Ireland E, Chazot C, Drueke T, de Francisco A, et al; ARO Investigators. Serum iPTH, calcium and phosphate, and the risk of mortality in a European haemodialysis population. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2011; 26(6): 1948-1955.

Langman CB , Cannata-Andía JB. Calcium in chronic kidney disease: Myths and realities. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2010; Suppl 1: S1-S2.

Al-Badr W , Martin KJ. Vitamin D and kidney disease. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2008; 3: 1555–1560.

Lim L-M, Kuo H-T, Kuo M-C, Chiu Y-W, Lee J-J, Hwang S-J, et al. Low serum calcium is associated with poor renal outcomes in chronic kidney disease stages 3–4 patients. BMC Nephrology. 2014; 15:183.

Chandra P, Binongo JNG, Ziegler TR, Schlanger LE, Wang W, Someren JT, et al. Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) therapy and vitamin D insufficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease: A randomized controlled pilot study. Endocr. Pract. 2008; 14(1): 10–17.

Bajait C, Dakhale G, Pimpalkhute S, Tathod Y, Raghute L. Vitamin D status in chronic kidney disease: An observational study. World J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 2016; 5(1): 1376-1382.

Jean G, Souberbielle J-C, Chazot C. Monthly cholecalciferol administration in haemodialysis patients: a simple and efficient strategy for vitamin D supplementation. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2009; 24: 3799–3805.

Marckmann P, Agerskov H, Thineshkumar S, Bladbjerg E-M, Sidelmann JJ, Jespersen J, et al. Randomized controlled trial of cholecalciferol supplementation in chronic kidney disease patients with hypovitaminosis D. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2012; 27: 3523–3531.

Kovesdy CP, Ahmadzadeh S, Anderson JE, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Secondary hyperparathyroidism is associated with higher mortality in men with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2008; 73: 1296-1302.

Chowdary RD, Nellutla R, Reddy PK. Relationship between parathyroid hormone and serum creatinine levels in chronic kidney disease patients. J. Med. Sci. Res. 2015; 3(1): 17-21.

Goel N, Pokharna H, Abramowitz MK, Gnanasekaran I. Mineral and bone metabolism disorders in minority incident ESRD patients in an inner-city hemodialysis unit. Einstein J. Biol. Med. 2015; 30: 16-21.

Adhikary LP, Pokhrel A, Yadava SK, Khadka D, Thakur R. Relation between serum intact parathyroid hormone level and hematocrit in chronic kidney disease patients. Kathmandu. Univ. Med. J. 2015; 51(3): 220-223.

Kim G-H, Choi BS, Cha DR, Chee DH, Hwang E, Kim HW, et al. Serum calcium and phosphorus levels in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: A multicentre study in Korea. Kidney Res. Clin. Pract. 2014; 33(1): 52-57.

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.