A New Approach for Developing Spectrophotometric Determination of Phenylephrine Drug in Pure, Pharmaceutics and Serum Samples Using Sodium Periodate as Oxidizing Agent via a Green Method of CFIA/Merging Zone Technique
Main Article Content
Abstract
The research involved a rapid, automated and highly accurate developed CFIA/MZ technique for estimation of phenylephrine hydrochloride (PHE) in pure, dosage forms and biological sample. This method is based on oxidative coupling reaction of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) with PHE in existence of sodium periodate as oxidizing agent in alkaline medium to form a red colored product at ʎmax )520 nm (. A flow rate of 4.3 mL.min-1 using distilled water as a carrier, the method of FIA proved to be as a sensitive and economic analytical tool for estimation of PHE.
Within the concentration range of 5-300 μg.mL-1, a calibration curve was rectilinear, where the detection limit was 3.252 μg.mL-1, and the RSD% was 4.09. Recovery was 100.55% with a sample throughput of 62 sample/hr. The proposed method was successfully applied for determining PHE in serum samples and pharmaceutical formulations, the interference of excipients was studied. The mechanism of the chemical reaction has been proposed. When the suggested method's results were compared to those provided by a British Pharmacopeia reference method, there was no discernible difference between the two at the 95 percent confidence level.
Received 5/9/2022
Revised 16/12/2022
Accepted 18/12/2022
Published Online First 20/5/2023
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Charles A Gaglia Jr. Phenylephrine hydrochloride. Anal Profiles drug subst. 1974; 3: 483-512. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-5428(08)60077-5
van Driel Mieke L, Scheire Sophie, Deckx Laura, Gevaert Philippe, Sutter An De. What Treatments Are Effective for Common Cold in Adults and Children. Br Med J.2018;363. https://doi:10.1136/bmj.k3786.PMID:30305295
Cullen MW, Klarich KW, Oxentenko AS, Halvorsen AJ, Beckman TJ. Characteristics of internal medicine residents who successfully match into cardiology fellowships. BMC Med Educ. 2020; 20(1): 238. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02154-w
Ahmed G. Abdelhamid, Dina S. El-Kafrawy, Magdi M. Abdel-Khalek & Tarek S. Belal. Analytical investigation of ternary mixture of phenylephrine hydrochloride, dimetindene maleate and benzalkonium chloride using validated stability indicating HPLC-DAD method. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2020;46(8). https://doi:10.1080/03639045.2020.1788064
Biuck Habibi, Zahra Ayazi, Firooz Zalvand. Electrochemical Behavior and Determination of Phenylephrine at the Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/ionic Liquid Nanocomposite Modified Electrode in the Presence of Acetaminophen. Int J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2017; 13(3): 203-218.
Safwan Ashour, Haitham Aboudan. New Conductometric Titration Methods for Determination of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride Using Sodium Tetraphenylborate and Cetylpyridinium Bromide. Int J Pharm Chem. 2018; 4(1): 8-15 https://doi:10.11648/j.ijpc.20180401.12
Joliana F Farid Nadia M Mostafa, Yasmin M. Fayez, Hebatallah M. Essam. Capillary zone electrophoresis as a quality assessment tool of paracetamol and phenylephrine hydrochloride in presence of paracetamol impurities. Turk J Chem. 2022;46: 217;223. https://doi:10.3906/kim-2107-21
Ragab M AA, Abdel-Hay M H, Ahmed H M, Mohyeldin S M. Determination of Ibuprofen and Phenylephrine in Tablets by High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography and in Plasma by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection. J Chromatogr Sci. 2019; 57(7): 592-599. https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/bmz031
Gayatri Barabde, Priyanka Pataskar, Tushar Gaikar, Vijay Bagul, Tushar Patil. Development and Validation of Fast, Simple RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan HBr and Phenylphrine HCl in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form. JAC. 2022; 15(8): 109-119.
Salem YA, Hammouda ME, Abu El-Enin MA, El-Ashry SM. Application of derivative emission fluorescence spectroscopy for determination of ibuprofen and phenylephrine simultaneously in tablets and biological fluids. Spectrochim Acta a Mol Biomol Spectrosc2019; 210:387-97 https://doi:10.1016/j.saa.2018.11054
Yagmur S, Ture M, Saglikoglu G, Sadikoglu M, Yilmaz S. The quantitative detection of phenylephrine in pharmaceutical preparations and spiked human urine by voltammetry. Russ J Electrochem. 2018; 54: 741-6 https://doi:10.1134/S1023193518100063
Fawzy MA, Ekram AE, Essam MH, Mohamed FK, Hamdy MA. Spectrophotometric analysis of two eye preparations, vial and drops, containing ketorolac tromethamine and phenylephrine hydrochloride binary mixture and their ternary mixture with chlorphenirmaine maleate. Bull Fac Pharm Cairo Univ. 2018; 56: 91-100 https://doi:10.1016/j.bfopcu.2018.03.004
Wasan A Al-Uzri. Determination of Phenylephrine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparation using Spectrophotometric method. Asian J Pharm Clin Res; 2019; 12(5): 1-5. https://doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i5.32339
Sharma DK, Jasvir S, Pushap R. Spectrophotometric determination of propranolo hydrochloride and metopranol tartrate in pharmaceutical dosage forms, spiked water and biological fluids. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2018; 10: 107. https://doi:10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i2.23682
Bruno E S Costa, Henrique P Rezende, Liliam Q Tavares, Luciana M Coelho, Nívia M.M Coelho, Priscila A R Sousa et al. Application of Flow-Injection Spectrophotometry to Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analyses.2017.https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.70160
Qassim B B, Zydan, A A. Novel approach of oxidation-reduction reaction with kmno4 for simultaneous determination of simvastatin drug in either pharmaceutics preparation or human urine using homemade FIA-stopped-flow/merging zone technique. Bio Chem. 2020, 20(1).
Bushra B. Qassim, Asmaa A. Zydan. Sensitive simultaneous estimation of Atorvastatin. Ca in pure and dosage forms via developed CFIA using 1,2 Naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate as a suitable organic agent, Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol. 2020; 14(2): 2109-2116.
Assaf H. Tawfeaq and Bushra B. Qassim. A green method for assay of doxycycline hyclate using continuous flow injection/ merging zones technique via coupling with Azo Metol in aqueous medium. Chem Chem Technol. 2020; 4: 31-37. https://doi:10.32434/0321-4095-2020-131-4-31-37
Asmaa A Z, Bushra B Q. Novel approach of oxidation-reduction reaction with KMnO4 for simultaneous determination of Simvastatin Drug in either pharmaceutics preparation or human urine using Homemade FIA-Stoppedflow/Merging Zone technique. Biochem Cell Arch. 2020; 20(1): 2147-2156.
Tawfeeq Assaf H, Bushra B Qassim. A Novel Method of CFIA/Merging zones technique for assay of Doxycycline in Bulk and Pharmaceutical preparation depending on Azo Dye Formation. Res J Pharm Technol. 2021; 14(1): 67-74. https://doi:10.5958/0974-360X.2021.00013.5
Hashim J. Abdullah, Bushra B. Qassim. Development and Validation CFIA / MZ System as a Green Method for Determination of Thiol Drug (D-PEN). Egypt J Chem. 2022; 65(1): 259 ;270. https://doi:10.21608/ejchem.2021.80167.3964
Qassim Bushra B, Ahmed A Alwan. Indirect Way for the Assay of Captopril Drug in Dosage FormsUsing1, 10-Phenanthroline as a Selective Spectrophotometric Agent for Fe (II) Via Homemade CFIA/Merging Zones Technique. Ibn AL-Haitham j pure appl sci. 2018: 294-320. https://doi:10.30526/2017.IHSCICONF.1879
Hamed L L, Qassim B B. Direct and new flow injection method for assay of Iron as ferrous sulfate in pure and dosage forms through the complexation with 2, 2︡ dipyridyl reagent. Int J Pharm Res. 2020, 12(2): 1329-1338.
https://doi:10.31838/ijpr/2020.SP2.128
Bushra B. Qassim, Luma L. Hamed. A new green method for indirect determination of ferric ions in biological samples using Ascorbic acid as reducing agent via the development of CFIA system. J Phys: Conf Ser. 2021; 1999: 1-41
https://doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1999/1/012145
Qassim B B, Hamed L L. Simple green method high throughput flow injection technique for spectrophotometry determination of Fe (III) in iron drugs through the reaction between DPA-4-sulfonat with hydrogen peroxide using a modified detection unit. Int. J Drug Deliv Technol. 2020, 10(4): 563-570.
Suhair Mohammed Yaseen, Bushra Basheer Qassim, Naeema Owayed Al-lame. Spectrophotometric Determination of Cu (+ II) by Complexation with 2-(4-biphenyl) Imidazo [1, 2-] Pyrimidine-3-Hydrazone and Studying Characteristics of prepared complex. Egypt J Chem. 2021; 64(2): 4-5.
https://doi:10.21608/EJCHEM.2019.13907.1861
Suhair Mohammed Yaseen, Bushra Basheer Qassim, Naeemah Owayed Al-Lami. Spectrophotometric Determination of Co (II) in Vitamin B12 Using 2-(biphenyl-4-yl)-3-((2-(2, 4-dinitrophenyl) hydrazono) methyl) imidazo [1, 2-a] pyridine as Ligand by Flow Injection–Merging Zone Analysis. ANJS. 2020; 23(3): 24-38. https://doi:10.22401/ANJS.23.3.04
Nagham S Turkey, Jalal Nasser Jeber. Flow Injection Analysis with Turbidity Detection for the Quantitative Determination of Mebeverine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations. Baghdad Sci J. 2022; 19(1): 141-154.
https://doi.10.21123/bsj.2022.19.1.0141
Issma M. A. Shakir, Nagam S. Turkey. Flow injection analysis for the photometric determination of promethazine-HCl in pure and pharmaceutical preparation via oxidation by persulphate using Ayah 3SX3-3D solar micro photometer. Baghdad Sci J. 2013, 10(4): 1190-1202.
https://doi.10.21123/bsj.2013.10.4.1190-1202
Hashim J Abdullah, Bushra B Qassim. High throughput flow injection /MZ technique for indirect assay of hydrosulfurnyl group in Tiopronin drugs and biological samples using 2,2`-dipyridyl as a selection OAR. Int J Mech Eng. 2022; 7(2): 568-578.