Synthesis and photocatalytic applications of TiO2-CQDs nanocomposites prepared by biological methods
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2024.9549Keywords:
Anatase, Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Titanium oxide (TiO2), X-Ray diffraction (XRD).Abstract
In this study, CQDs were synthesized by the green method using orange juice and ethanol, confused at a relatively low temperature by hydrothermal carbonization process, TiO2 were prepared by a facile sol-gel method, and TiO2-CQDs nanocomposites with different weight ratios were prepared by slipe mixing and heat treatment. XRD showed that the CQDs exhibited a broad peak at (002) with hexagonal structure, and TiO2 (anatase phase) had a polycrystalline nature with tetragonal structure. The FESEM results showed the formation of nanostructures with different shapes and small average particle size. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed that the TiO2 (anatase phase) agglomerated in mostly spherical shapes and sizes less than 15 nm. The CQDs had a relatively uniform diameter, a spherical shape with a highly crystalline structure, and a size below 5 nm. . The FTIR spectra of TiO2 NPs, CQDs, and TiO2-CQDs nanocomposite showed the presence of a broad band at 450–4000 cm-1, which corresponded to the stretching vibration of terminating hydroxyl groups in samples. The results of UV-visible spectroscopy showed that the absorbance of TiO2-CQDs nanocomposite increased with the increase in the CQDs rate, and the optical energy band gap of TiO2 and CQDs was 3.14 ev and 3.07 eV, respectively. The energy band gap values of TiO2-CQDs nanocomposite decreased with the increase in the CQDs rate in the range of (2.72-1.85) eV. The performance of the Photocatalytic was shown by decreasing methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) under UV irradiation. The results showed that the TiO2-CQDs nanocomposite with different weight ratios had higher photocatalytic efficiency than TiO2 NPs, and the photocatalytic efficiency increased with the increase in the CQDs rate. The degradation efficiencies of MB and MO were high at 84% and 39% within 240 min, respectively.
Received 19/09/2023
Revised 18/02/2024
Accepted 20/02/2024
Published Online First 20/09/2024
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