تأثيـــر ســــــــــدة الهنديــــة في الملامــح اللمنولوجيـــــــة لنهر الفرات شمــــال محافظة بابـــل، العـــــــــــراق
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
تم اختيار خمسة مواقع في شمال محافظة بابل لمعرفة الخصائص الفيزيائية والكيميائية لنهر الفرات وتأثير سد الهندية عليها خلال عام 2019. اذ يقع المواقع الثاني بالقرب من السد لتعكس السمات البيئية له، في حين أن المواقع الأخرى، S1 يقع عند اعلى السد كموقع مرجعي. علاوة على ذلك، تم تحديد الموقعين الآخرين S3 وS4 تحت تأثير السد. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود علاقة قوية بين درجة حرارة الهواء والماء في جميع المواقع. كما توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في متوسط ثلاثة عشر من أصل ثمانية عشر خاصية، أذ انخفضت درجة حرارة الماء والقاعدية الكلية والبيكربونات والأوكسجين المذاب ونسبة الاشباع بالأوكسجين والعسرة الكلية والمغنيسيوم من 22.76◦م و203.33 ملغم/لتر و146.75 ملغم/ لتر و8.8 ملغم/لتر و100.023٪، 438ملغم/لتر و35.55ملغم/لتر على التوالي في موقع S2 إلى 22.66◦م و200.28ملغم/لتر و145.58 ملغم/ لتر و8.35 ملغم/لتر و95.45٪ و 422.66 ملغم/لتر و28.81 ملغم/لتر على التوالي في الموقع أسفل السد. ينما زادت قيم كل من الكدرة وTSS و Ca + 2 وSO2 + 4 وNO3-2 وPO4-2 من 13.32 NTU و23.08 ملغم/ لتر و116.89ملغم/لتر و107.5ملغم/لتر و1.027 ملغم/لتر و0.019 ملغم/لتر،على التوالي في موقع S2 إلى 26.574NTU و 26.83 ملغم/لتر و 119.23 ملغم/ لتر و 137.5 ملغم/لتر و1.145 ملغم/لتر و0.032 ملغم/لتر على التوالي في الموقع أسفل السد. ومع ذلك، لم يسجل أي تأثير واضح للسد في EC وS وTDS وpHعند نهر الفرات. كما ولم تظهر فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في جميع الخصائص بين المواقع باستثناء االعــكورة و TSSو Mg + 2وSO + 4 وPO4-2. يمكن أن يعّد مياه نهر الفرات عسر وقليلة الملوحة وذو قاعدية خفيف وجيدة التهوية وغير عكر. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، تجاوزت قيم العكارة والمواد الصلبة الذائبة الحدود المسموح بها لنوعية المياه للحياة المائية في معظم العينات خاصة في الموقع أسفل السد. ومع ذلك، عَدّ النهر مشكوك فيه في نقاوته من خلال قيم BOD5. كما كانت قيم الكالسيوم والمغنيسيوم والنترات والفوسفات في هذه الدراسة ضمن الحدود المسموح بها.
تفاصيل المقالة
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كيفية الاقتباس
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