تراكيز ومصادر وتوزيع المركبات الهيدروكربونية الأروماتية متعددة الحلقات في ترب البصرة, العراق
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2022.6979الكلمات المفتاحية:
البصرة, كروماتوغرافيا الغاز, المركبات الأروماتية, خصائص التربة, تصنيف التربةالملخص
تسبب الفعاليات البشرية في تلوث التربة بملوثات خطيرة, منها المركبات الهيدروكربونية الأروماتية متعددة الحلقات. في الدراسة الحالية تم تقييم التلوث بالمركبات الهيدروكربونية الأروماتية المتعددة الحلقات في عينات التربة التي جمعت من ثلاثون موقع موزعة في كافة انحاء البصرة- العراق خلال الفترة 2019-2020 , وقسمت هذه المواقع الى ثمان مناطق شملت ( مناطق سكنية, مناطق نفطية, مناطق زراعية, شوارع عامة, محطات وقود, محطات كهرباء, متنزهات عامة, مولدات كهربائية). قيست خصائص التربة ( الرطوبة النسبية, الأس الهيدروجيني, التوصيلية الكهربائية, الكاربون العضوي الكلي). وأظهرت النتائج ان قيم خصائص التربة تراوحت (الرطوبة النسبية ((%0.18-0.03 , الأس الهيدروجيني (8.16-6.90) , التوصيلية الكهربائية (104.80-2.48) مليسيمنز\سم, الكاربون العضوي الكلي (%20.50-9.90)). استعمل جهاز الكروماتوغرافيا الغازية (GC) في قياس المركبات الهيدروكربونية الأروماتية المتعددة الحلقات في عينات التربة المستخلصة, وأظهرت النتائج ان تركيز المركبات الهيدروكربونية الأروماتية المتعددة الحلقات الكلي تراوح بين(5864.86-499.96) نانوغرام\غم وزن جاف . أكثر المركبات الأروماتية السائدة محسوبة كنسبة مئوية في مناطق الدراسة ( مناطق سكنية, مناطق نفطية, مناطق زراعية, شوارع عامة, محطات وقود, محطات كهرباء, متنزهات عامة, مولدات كهربائية) في الفصل الجاف كانت (BghiP 36% , Chy 29% ,BkF 26% , BaP 18% ,BghiP 27% , InP 40% , BbF 19% and BbF 12%) على التوالي, بينما في الفصل الرطب كانت (Pyr 22% , BbF 16%, BkF 32% , BbF 36% , BkF 38% , Pyr 26% , BbF 43% and Pyr 35%) على التوالي. وبتطبيق مجموعة من الادلة الحسابية لمعرفة مصادر المركبات الأروماتية في الترب المدروسة تبين ان المصدر مشترك ما بين التلوث النفطي وعمليات الحرق. وصنفت التربة بين مستوى ضعيف الى شديد التلوث بالمركبات الهيدروكربونية الأروماتية متعددة الحلقات.
Received 27/1/2022
Accepted 12/5/2022
Published Online First 20/11/2022
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