معالجة المخلفات السائلة لمعامل الالبان بواسطة التخثير الكهربائي وباستخدام اقطاباً مصنعة من برادة الحديد
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
شهدت صناعة الالبان نموا مطردا في السنوات الاخيرة، حيث تزايدت كميات الانتاج تماشياً مع الزيادات السكانية على المستوى العالمي. كما وشهدت هذه الصناعة نمواً نوعيا تمثل في زيادة عدد الانواع المنتجة من مشتقات الحليب، مما تطلب تقنيات اكثر تعقيدا في معالجة المخلفات الناتجة عن هذه الصناعات. يهدف البحث الى معالجة المخلفات السائلة لمعامل الالبان بواسطة تقنية التخثير الكهربائي الرائدة في هذا المجال وعن طريق اعادة استخدام برادة الحديد المتخلفة من صناعات الحديد واللحام كمادة اساسية في صناعة الاقطاب الكهربائية الخاصة بعملية التخثير الكهربائي. تعمل هذه المخلفات وخاصة في حالة اطلاقها مباشرة الى المياه السطحية على التأثير وتقليل تراكيز الاوكسجين المذاب وزيادة الثورات الطحلبية, مما يؤثر تاثيراً مباشرا على نشاط وتواجد الاحياء الاخرى. وبهدف تعيين الظروف الامثل لعملية التخثير, تم استخدام البرنامج الاحصائي (Response Surface Methodology) لاختبار خمسة متغيرات وبواقع ستة مستويات لكل متغير, حيث تم دراسة التأثيرات الأحادية والمركبة للمتغيرات على المتطلب الكيميائي للأوكسجين (COD). اظهرت النتائج بأن الظروف الامثل للمتغيرات كانت على النحو التالي, المسافة بين الاقطاب (1 سم), زمن التخثر (60-120 دقيقة), كمية الـ NaCl المضافة (250 ملغم/لتر), تركيز الاحمال العضوية الداخلة مقاسة كـ COD (5775 ملغم/لتر) واخيرا كثافة التيار الكهربائي المستخدم (7.884-8.077 ملي امبير/ سم2). ادى استخدام الظروف الامثل في عمل المنظومة الخاصة بالتخثير الكهربائي الى ازالة المخلفات السائلة العضوية الخاصة بمعامل الالبان مقاسة كـ COD بكفاءة بلغت 73.4%, في حين بلغت كفاءة المنظومة في ازالة الفسفور والنايتروجين المتوافرين في مخلفات معامل الالبان بصورة مطردة الى 98% للفسفور و80.3 للنايتروجين. اثبتت التجارب العملية امكانية التقنية المستخدمة في معالجة المخلفات السائلة لمعامل الالبان بجدوى اقتصادية عالية وخاصة مع استخدام برادة الحديد المتخلفة من صناعات الحديد مع ضمان التاثيرات الصديقة للبيئة.
Received 20/10/2022
Revised 27/02/2023
Accepted 01/03/2023
Published 20/06/2023
تفاصيل المقالة
هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
كيفية الاقتباس
المراجع
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